The American War of Independence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The American War of Independence - Essay Example Be that as it may, by whatever stroke of destiny, the colonials totally trounced the powerful powers of Great Britain. The defeat was startling to the point that the antiquarian John Ferling cited George Washington as saying that the American triumph was somewhat shy of a standing miracle.1 Ferling proceeded to state that the engagements and fights regularly relied on intangibles, for example, authority enduring an onslaught, gallantry, favorable luck, goofs, determination and surprise.2 The British powers all through the war played the attacker , utilizing tried and true systems and strategies that it had utilized before against the French, Spanish and Irish adversaries. The colonials, in the interim, a total tyro in any fighting, were consistently on edge utilizing strategies that were most appropriate for the event. regularly excused by the British as ragtag4 were getting by on a measly financial plan concurred them by the Continental Congress. Along these lines, in certain encounters, they were near the very edge of starvation, now and then attired in worn out garments and shoes and at times in weather beaten condition. The triumvirate of King George III, Secretary of State George Germain and Prime Minister Lord North framed the core which chose what strategies Britain should actualize in the war in the New World. This core ,situated in London, 3000 miles from the field of war, was answerable for the coordination, the coordinations and the correspondence expected to win a war. Then, the Continental Congress, made out of representatives from all the states and situated in Philadelphia, was the mind and the operational hub , the controller and the organizer of the frontier powers. With the wealth originating from its settlements in the West Indies, Canada, America, Gibraltar and India, there was no uncertainty that Britain entered this war monetarily arranged. The Congress, then again, mindful that any triumph would rely on how all around oiled the war apparatus would be, frantically looked for funds both from abroad and from the home front. It utilized the methodology of tact and brain research on England's long-standing adversaries, France and Spain, fed the last's contempt and disdain and came out removing some money related help just as weapons from both. Since that was insufficient, it utilized 4 strategies to fund-raise locally for example credits from wealthy traders and grower; constrained advances ... from ranchers who were given declarations of obligation; by imposing cash or merchandise allotted among the different states; and by issuance of paper cash, the well known Continental currency.5

Starbucks International

Universal Marketing Case1-1: Starbucks-Going Global Fast Q1) Identify the controllable and wild components that Starbucks has experienced in entering worldwide markets. A1) There are a few controllable and wild components that Starbucks has experienced in entering the worldwide market. Regardless, a portion of the controllable components are to some degree like them developing in the residential market. A portion of the elements incorporate the 4 P’s (Product, Price, Placement and Promotion).Starbucks has the benefit of being a worldwide brand-it is perceived by millions around the globe and is therefore ready to advertise as per its worth. Also, Starbucks can undoubtedly acclimate to the diverse social sets and move their costs as indicated by the rivals in the district (without making a big deal about an effect on their benefit). Because of being a worldwide brand, Starbucks can advertise themselves as they wish to too. A fitting model would be the espresso in Italy-which is moderately less expensive than Starbucks normal coffee.An coffee in Northern Italy is around 67 pennies while in the south it can fall near 55 pennies. In the mean time, Americans pay around $1. 50 for their coffee for such explanation, Starbucks would need to bring down the costs in the event that they wish to enter the Italian market for the straightforward motivation to have the option to contend in such a situation fundamentally returning to the point of controlling their costs as their rivals do. Starbucks have confronted wild components too generally to do with outside markets.To start with are the issues that the brand may confront attempting to adjust among local and universal markets. There are a few distinct components of hazard that they face when entering an outside market, for example, serious powers, innovation levels, dispersion structures, the nation’s framework and different powers that include such a social, political and lawful. Every one of these componen ts connect to how Starbucks maintains its business in a worldwide market.Moreover, as Starbucks keeps on extending, it should be progressively touchy to social difficulties. One model could be Starbucks confronting grave difficulties with Japan’s ‘chilled coffee’ advertise with numerous copies equaling with the corporate brand making it increasingly hard for them to contend abroad. Being a worldwide brand, Starbucks has aced their abilities to grow to other universal markets-as long as they hold in line their controllable components and attempt and resolve the wild ones.Q2) What are the significant wellsprings of hazard confronting the organization? Examine potential arrangements. A2) Being such a significant global brand-Starbucks is probably going to confront certain dangers. In any case, Starbucks has figured out how to immerse a large portion of its market in United States. As per sources, there is a Starbucks for each 9,400 individuals in Seattle. Covering t erritories with their stores isn't really a favorable position for Starbucks, it has even prompted shoppers being baffled with the low degree of decision and causing an extraordinary aversion towards the worldwide brand all together.Another chance confronting Starbucks is the new, more youthful age. Today’s 20 and mid multi year old purchasers are not prepared to follow through on the significant expenses for their every day espresso. Because of the downturn, quite a bit of this age was raised on less exorbitant brands, for example, McDonald’s McCafe, and is probably not going to move to Starbucks or some other significant brand even once downturn has worn off. Customer dangers are by all account not the only ones disturbing Starbucks-the worldwide brand additionally faces interior issues with worker wear out rate expanding over the years.Dissatisfaction over being over worked and come up short on is beginning to get equivalent with the Starbucks name causing baffled s enior supervisors and a higher level of representative turnover. A case of this inner hazard was the point at which a claim caused Starbucks a decent $18 million, leaving them with diminished benefit share. Experts express that Starbucks can just keep up about 15% area development in the United States, for just around two additional years. From that point onward, it should rely forcefully upon abroad development to keep up their yearly 20% income growth.Expansion and cannibalization chance is likewise another component. Extending at such an extraordinary rate with a consistent development in stores far and wide have seen to cause some major social issues also, for instance Italy being compromised from changing their ways of life of drinking espresso all together. Arrangements: Advertising efforts and positive open mindfulness could help improve their worldwide picture. Starbucks ought to being concentrating on International extension as opposed to soaking their household showcase th e more individuals they contact, the more the brand is probably going to endure and make a profit.Having such a global picture can have a burden also Starbucks could figure out how to adjust to more social contrasts and prerequisites as opposed to focusing on advancing their local picture universally too. Through advancement and promoting Starbucks should start to move their intended interest group; the more youthful age is a key component to their item life cycle-yet re-situating their items and concentrating on the Middle class of today, Starbucks could discover an answer inside and keep on developing for quite a long time to come.Market research could be another arrangement that Starbucks can investigate. By making Global Strategies, achievement can be accomplished by trim as per the country’s culture and conviction and by presenting items that are bound to be acknowledged by individuals from various regions of the world. A specific sort of promoting is probably not going to engage a group of people from everywhere throughout the world-Starbucks should be adaptable enough to make their picture as per an alternate culture each time.The sentiment of disappointment from the representatives of Starbucks ought to be settled. This arrangement can be accomplished by offering after some time installment or impetus for each worker as long as Starbucks is happy to deal with its kin, representative turnover will probably decrease and their interior mechanics will run easily accordingly making them lucidity take a gander at other significant issues, for example, universal promoting and expansion.Q3) Critique Starbucks by and large Corporate Strategy A3) For the situation of Starbucks, the corporate methodology that they have executed is one of a kind to their industry which has permitted them to stand separated from their significant rivals. It very well may be summed up without further ado Starbucks plans to give quality espresso any place they go.One of their systems would be vertical mix, by having a cozy relationship from the beginning to the completion of their item by having their own gracefully chain and broiling their own espresso Quality is one key component that Starbucks has never settled on ( and from its vibes, will be reluctant to do as such soon too) Modification of their items is another way Starbucks handles it procedure, by targeting cooperating with other fruitful brands and going for items that they can likewise sell in stores separated from their chain’s and concentrating on different administrations they give, for example, pre request, Wi-Fi and banding together with the film and music industry. Indeed, even without spending a great deal on global commercial, Starbucks makes a point to remain in the spotlight, by settling on the correct choices to collaborate with organizations that are speaking to their general purchaser base.In expansion, Starbucks has started to focus on the more youthful age (that is probab ly going to wander from the more expensive quality espresso) by boosting different administrations they give. Rather than surrendering to the lower value request, Starbucks has increased their different administrations and started publicizing as needs be and legitimately focusing on the new generation’s customer base. It is presumably additionally worth referencing how Starbucks has still figured out how to follow the standard thing, ordinary extension normal also. They started by focusing on their residential market forcefully and once this had been soaked and grown totally, the association started expanding their quality universally. As indicated by the Starbucks yearly report in 2009, their universal market developed by a fast 7. 7% in 2009.Overall, Starbucks targets developing universally, by utilizing different sources separated from the ordinary generalizations, and yet, Starbucks expects to keep its balance in their residential market as solid as they have been since t he origin itself. Q4) How may Starbucks improve benefit in Japan? A4) Due to the significant level of rivalry that Starbucks faces in Japan, it should start by reevaluating their valuing procedure. The majority of Japan despite everything accepts that Starbucks is marginally overrated, and since there are such a significant number of various contenders, it is a simple choice for the buyer in Japan to pick another brand-dependent on the lower price.They could start by bringing down their costs somewhat, where they would even now make a benefit, however would fall inside the scope of different contenders so more shoppers would probably pick Starbucks-basically because of the incredible nature of item (and now better cost also) Another technique that Starbucks could utilize is repositioning their item and administration in Japan. As indicated by sources, Japanese youth is bound to invest their energy in a helpful way. Due to Starbucks and the rivals in Japan giving comparable passage, it is simple for the contender to gobble up the Starbucks share, in this way it would be perfect for the worldwide brand to build their advantages (or lessen value further).One advantage could be presenting the online request framework in Japan, so Japanese shoppers could pre request web based, sparing them time and utilizing this advantage over different contenders. By publicizing with the residential brands in Japan, Starbucks might cause itself interchangeable with Japan’s youth-where they to feel slanted to have Starbucks rather if contender espresso on the grounds that thei

Walt Whitman Writings Essays - Brooklyn Eagle, Mystics, Walt Whitman

Walt Whitman Writings Maybe the most fundamental and basic capacity of verse is to bring out a specific reaction in the peruser. The artist, craving to pass on feeling or motivation, utilizes the creative mind to make a structure that will appropriately convey his perspective. Basically he is endeavoring to bring himself and the peruser closer, to build up a relationship. William Carlos Williams battles that craftsmanship gives the sentiment of culmination by uncovering the unity of experience (194) This contention depends on the statute that craftsmanship is reality isn't nature or an impression of nature yet a totally unique creation. Also, also, that craftsmanship is all encompassing, where one can encounter the entire of reality through a specific. An artist's assignment is to compose verse that the peruser can relate to, something harmonious with the considerations of those he is composing for (or to). In the event that this can be cultivated, an association is set up, and verse can go about as an impetus to start the creative mind. In my first paper this semester I contended that Whitman utilizes sexual symbolism as an explanatory instrument to stimulate the peruser. The consequence of this is compatible feelings inside writer and peruser that show a powerful utilization of tone, through which Whitman can address the peruser. The spiritualist deliria, the franticness desirous, the express surrender,/(Hark close and still what I currently murmur to you (77). Whitman is specking straightforwardly to the peruser, through a sweeping god-like persona. In Tune of Myself Whitman rethinks himself as all of reality, and using tone and symbolism (shot sets up a relationship) brings the peruser into his reality. Williams' verse is an endeavor to build up a fellowship, of sorts, with the peruser, too. His verse is an investigation of flashing pictures, a spiked excursion through close to home recognition, that the peruser can identify with. Williams' word usage and visual introduction of words opposes the fake; his verse has a beat that is common and American, a gregarious intrigue to the regular man. In Spring and All Williams makes a persona that is engaging, setting up a relationship and influencing the peruser. Both Whitman and Williams make a congruity among themselves and the peruser that proposes the all inclusiveness of experience. The formation of an adequate persona is basic to Whitman's lovely program. In Melody of Myself this is cultivated through an amicable style that comprises of unbridled excitement, a neighborly voice; a picture develops of Whitman yelling at the peruser, saying Look what I've found!: Stop this day what's more, night with me and you will have the cause everything being equal,/You will have the benefit of the earth and sun (25). His verse is regularly conversational, coming up short on a profoundly organized structure. From the earliest starting point of Tune of Myself plainly the sonnet isn't simply a static, improving creation, yet that it is a demonstration of correspondence between the writer and peruser. At the point when Whitman expresses what I accept you will expect,/For each iota having a place with me as great has a place with you (23), he infers a gathering of minds; in addition to the fact that he is going to address us he will convince us' since, he contends, we are no different. He sets up a persona by not just addressing us, however for us. Whitman gets one with his crowd, the American individuals' by introducing himself as the model normal American (xxvii). The persona that one faculties rising up out of Williams in Spring and All is a supported pomposity, an author that will totally overlook show so as to build up a tone. His blend of section and writing proposes an even minded method, an eagerness to utilize whatever implies important to associate with the peruser. In Trip To the City, he investigates inventive affiliations associated with the night sky, and tails it with the announcement, Inasmuch as the sky is perceived as on affiliation (187). He addresses the peruser with truthfulness, with an eagerness that frequently plummets into frenzy: If I could state what is in my brain in Sanscrit or even Latin I would do as such. In any case, I can't. I represent the honesty of the spirit and the significance of life's mindlessness; the custom of its weariness; the universality of its idiocy. Execute! Murder! let there be new meat . . . (179) Spring and All is a guide of Williams' creative mind, a assortment of sonnets solidified by writing clarification. He needs to leave almost certainly about what he is communicating, introducing himself as his own faultfinder. Like Whitman, the peruser turns out to be a piece of Williams'

William Blakes Abolitionism - Literature Essay Samples

William Blake’s Abolitionismâ€Å"I know my Execution is not like Any Body Else I do not intend it should be so.† William Blake is arguably one of the most eccentric and enigmatic artists of the Romantic era. His ideas about religion, art and society are often considered anachronistic. In general, Blake’s vision is different from other Romantic era artists because of his lower-class background, his personal spirituality, and his interest in the visual arts. However, he does have similar opinions about the important issues of the time, especially concerning the French Revolution, abolitionism and the visionary imagination. In approaching Romantic literature with a global prospective, it is important to consider Blake’s unique contribution and influence, as well as his divisions. His oeuvre converges in fundamental ways with the literary art and the limitations of his time, including views on gender and racial equality. In this paper, I will focus on his ide as concerning slavery and the unique ways in which he expresses his abolitionism through an investigation of his poetry and art. I will examine the presentation of slavery and abolitionism through a close-reading of the poems â€Å"The Little Black Boy†, from Songs of Innocence, and â€Å"Visions†, from Visions of the Daughter of Albion. The literary analysis will incorporate analysis about various works of art by Blake, including the illustrations of these poems. The two poems demonstrate, through their abolitionist message, the oppressive forces of conventional religion and British moral and social expectations, and that they have corrupted natural relations between human beings. I will exhibit that although his poetry is highly progressive for its day, it still relays the underlying belief of his time that women and racial others are inferior. Blake is successful in exposing the problems of the conventional religion of Britain, but his highly spiritual and mythologi cal vision makes his message less effective in causing any real change within society.Blake is worthy of academic attention and there is indeed an overwhelming amount of criticism on his works. I have learned a great deal from David Erdman’s article â€Å"Blake’s Vision of Slavery†, which outlines abolitionism in Visions. Saree Makdisi indicates the necessity of reevaluating the history of the Romantic-era when considering Blake’s works. Susan Fox also indicates Blake’s anachronistic role within the era, but argues that he exhibits the limitations of his time in utilizing women as metaphors for failure in his works. Anne Mellor indicates the argument of Visions, in terms of the human form and Blake’s spiritual beliefs, as a criticism of British morality for destroying the vitality of a true spiritual union. My analysis of abolitionism within the two poems will assert that Blake’s portrayal of slavery is linked to his larger program of addressing the injustice and false spirituality of power relations in British society. â€Å"The Little Black Boy† indicates Blake’s beliefs concerning the power of parents over children and racial inferiority, while Visions illustrates his ideas about gender equality and sexual relations. Despite his progressive opinions about equal relationships and abolitionism, Blake exhibits many of the divisions and limitations of his time. His greatest limitation is the complex mythological system that renders his artistic message politically ineffective. In the collection Songs of Innocence and Experience, Blake explores and depicts an â€Å"age when God is fully manifest in man† and feels the spiritual and psychological comfort of God’s protection and love (Matlak, 274). The poetry is highly profound in its promotion of an equal society based on love and freedom, not simply childlike naivety. This book of poetry, like many of his others, is illuminated with sev eral works of art. Blake is unique in this practice because his artwork does not simply serve as supplements to the verse; they amplify, complicate and, at times, contradict the poetry. This challenges notions of reading, interpreting and the relationship between the written and visual arts. His artwork is highly original, and often considered anachronistic, within the English artistic tradition. He chose to use uncommon mediums, notably relief etchings for producing his illuminated books of poetry. Blake also painted in watercolor, a medium which rejected the heavy and traditional method of using expensive oil paints. This medium creates artwork that emphasizes light, pure color and lightness, while also rejecting the orthodox artistic notions of the English Academy and encouraging all classes to produce artistic works.The poem â€Å"The Little Black Boy†, from Songs of Innocence, portrays the simple spirituality of a child who believes in God’s promise of love, while also indicating the spiritual equality of humanity. The boy sings of the lessons his mother has taught him about the perfect afterlife he will enjoy. In this heaven, he will experience pure joy, but also equality with the white English boy. This simply constructed, childlike verse holds many layers of meaning. The poem poignantly asserts the spiritual equality of all humans, alluding to the Christian argument against slavery of his time. â€Å"The Little Black Boy† indicates the spiritual dignity and equality of the boy, therefore, valorizes him. Blake does this in multiple ways, most importantly through the assertion of the religious belief in heaven as a utopia where everyone is equal. The boy is taught that when in heaven he will be released from the oppression and subjugation encoded in his black body, become equal with the white English boy and be loved by God. His spiritual education provides the basis for the boy’s hope, while also promoting the notion of the e qual spiritual union in heaven. Blake also promotes the boy’s dignity by referencing his mother and his education through her. The boy’s loving relationship with his mother (lines 7, 21) illustrates his youth and innocence, but also portrays him as more human and endearing. The boy learns diligently and quickly from his mother, who represents the voice of age and wisdom.Blake emphasizes learning as a significant part of childhood throughout his iconography and artwork. The title page of Songs of Innocence portrays two children reading a book lying on a woman’s lap, presumably their mother. The idyllic and bucolic scene indicates the spiritual growth of the children, which is in the hands of the older members of society. This illustration also exemplifies Blake’s vision of positive womanhood as natural and motherly, which was initiated in Songs of Innocence. Mellor and Matlak describe this iconography, â€Å"In Blake’s aesthetic world, the female i s identified with nature, the physical body or matter, and the realm of the domestic. Blake’s positive females give birth, raise children, and offer sexual delight and supportive compassion to Blake’s males† (Matlak, 274). Another example of this scene of children learning is â€Å"Age Teaching Youth†, which portrays two children learning from an older figure through reading and verbal instruction. These two works illustrate the poem’s message that learning as an integral aspect of childhood and that children learn from the adults around them. The construction of the figures is similar to the second illustration of â€Å"The Little Black Boy†. Both compositions portray an adult figure sitting and addressing the small children at their feet. This construction emphasizes the authority of the adults, but also the eagerness and attentiveness of the children. They are willing to accept the ideas of the words of the adults. Blake’s promotion of the boy’s equality in â€Å"The Little Black Boy† has many complications and problems. Most importantly, the boy’s resignation to earthly subjugation and racism, as a result of his acquired belief in conventional religion, is problematic because of it is an acceptance of racial discrimination on earth and indicates that there is no need for real social change. The poem focuses on God’s light and heat, symbolizing Divine love, using the racial images of blackness and shadows. The third stanza portrays this clearly, â€Å"And we are put on earth a little space, / That we may learn to bear the beams of love, / And these black bodies and this sun-burnt face / Is but a cloud, and like a shady grove† (lines 13-16). Blake indicates the boy’s spiritual goodness, along the same racial lines, by associating his soul with whiteness; â€Å"And I am black, but O! my soul is white† (line 2). This imagery exhibits the common tendency of Blakeâ⠂¬â„¢s time to associate physical darkness with intellectual depravity. Blake argues against the discrimination the boy suffers on earth, claiming that he will experience a spiritual union with God in the afterlife, where all humans are equal. This vision is highly problematic because despite Blake’s efforts to promote the equality of the little boy, the subjugation he experiences on earth seems to be justified or appeased by the idyllic vision of future equality in heaven. The boy resigns himself to the subjugation he experiences on earth as a result of his mother’s teachings. He believes in his corporeal inferiority, as it is taught to him, stating in lines three and four, â€Å"White as an angel is the English child: / But I am black as if bereav’d of light†. The boy focuses on the afterlife and hopes for a union with God, believing that he will be loved then. The last lines of the poem state, â€Å"To lean in joy upon our fathers knee. / And then Iâ €™ll stand and stroke his silver hair, / And be like him and he will then love me† (lines 26-28). Note the use of the word â€Å"then† to emphasize that he is not loved by God in this life. Blake presents a complicated argument for racial equality that seems to appease the injustice experienced on earth. By illustrating the boy’s belief and hope for the afterlife, Blake indicates the oppressiveness of conventional religion. English Christianity colludes in the subjugation of the boy, through the mother’s instruction, to accept his inferiority on earth. Indeed, Blake presents the oppressive morality and society institution of the conventional religion, but also the adult’s role in continuing the oppression through the education of the youth and promotion of the conventional ideas. The second illustration to â€Å"The Little Black Boy† illustrates this in a subtle, but important way. The Christ-like figure’s garment looks like stone. The heavy, flat and severe cloak is associated with Blake’s iconography with rationality and conventional religion. Another important message of the illustration is the use of light, an important motif throughout the poem. The sun is a prominent part of the composition’s background, but does not give off a great deal of light. In fact, the sun seems to be setting, as darkness creeps into the picture field. This seems to suggest a limitation in the heat and light of God portrayed in the poem, contrasting with the optimism of the verse. Finally, the composition portrays black boy standing behind the white child, who actually touches the God figure. This important placement, along with the fading sun, indicates the subordination of the black boy even in the afterlife. This is not explicitly explained within the composition, but one possible explanation is the oppressiveness of conventional religion. â€Å"The Little Black Boy† indicates some of the limitations of Blake’s time concerning race and racial equality. Although Blake compellingly illustrates the spiritual equality of the afterlife, this is inherently limited because it seems to offer a justification or acquiescence to the racial injustices of English society, including the slave trade and slavery. The vision of an equalized spiritual utopia, and the criticism of conventional English religion, eclipses the abolitionist message of the poem. In representing this vision and the maladies of organized religion, Blake portrays his mystical view of human relations; they are ideally mutual spiritual relationships, while social standards and customs create unnatural power relationships that are oppressive and damaging. In â€Å"The Little Black Boy† this is demonstrated through the control that white, English society have over black populations, the influence that the mother has over her child which causes him to believe he is inferior and, finally, the conventional God who dom inates over the children in the second illustration. Blake’s important poem, Visions, also demonstrates his ideas about power relations and unnatural relationships. This poem describes Oothoon’s victimization by Bromion’s rape, and Theotormon’s belief that she is defiled and unacceptable, despite his love for her. Oothoon is enslaved by her condition as an exploited woman, while Bromion is trapped by his violent act, and Theotormon by the social constructions he abides by. The poem begins, â€Å"Enslav’d, the Daughters of Albion weep a trembling lamentation†, immediately connecting slavery with the subjugation of women in English society. This is influenced from Mary Wollstonecraft’s argument in A Vindication of the Rights of Women that women in England have the same political and civil status as slaves. Visions complexly portrays the repercussions of society and religion’s warped control over human interactions, addressing sev eral different power relations, including the dominance of men over women, master over slave and organized religion over society. David Erdman states, â€Å"†¦love and slavery prove to be the two poles of the poem’s axis† (Erdman, 242). This poem promotes a more equal treatment of women by indicating Oothoon’s sadness and extreme despair. She grieves, â€Å"Are both alike: a night of sighs, a morning of fresh tears† (Plate 2, line 39). Her exploitation is obviously condemned in an interesting way because this oppression connects her to horrors of the institution of slavery, including sexual abuse and emotional despair. Blake presents quasi-feminist and abolitionist arguments against the sexual and economic exploitation of humans, because it distorts freedom and natural relationships. Institutionalized subjugation and enslavement does not simply destroy the victimized, such as Oothoon, but the entire society because it warps all human interactions. Br omion becomes enslaved by his violent act, while Theotormon is enslaved by his jealousy and inability to love Oothoon after she has been defiled. He is trapped by the standards of conventional religion and morality, specifically the notions of marriage. The frontpiece to Visions of the Daughters of Albion serves as a dramatic visual representation of the poem’s portrayal of mental and physical bondage. Oothoon is shackled to Bromion, facing opposite directions from one another. Bromion faces out towards the sea with a look of horror, while Oothoon directs herself towards Theotormon, bending downwards in despair and resignation. Lukacher states that, â€Å"her jealous and inhibited lover cowers and withdraws into himself on the cavernous ledge about the enchained figures† (105). Theotormon’s body language indicates his self-entrapment and despair because the social restrictions he believes in prohibit him from being with the woman he loves. This composition utili zes Michelangelo-esque nudes and opposing body languages to contain and reduce the complex drama of the poem. The landscape also conveys the bleak tone of the literary work. The entrance to the grotto frames the figures and the background including a bleak sea, clouds and a darkened sun. Visions clearly argues against the subjugation of women and the institutions that promote economic and physical exploitation on human beings, most significantly slavery and marriage. Blake promotes, instead, love as a equal spiritual and physical union. This notion of free love rejects the standards of Christian marriage in England, promoting an equal union between man and woman. The composition, Circle of the Lustful, exemplifies this notion well. This illustration portrays Virgil standing over the fainted Dante. Dante envisions his Paolo and Francesca released from purgatory and re-united together in the luminous orb. A whirling vortex of punished lovers rushes out of the river of purgatory. Blake liberates the lovers, freeing them from the sin that society condemns them for. The figures are mostly androgynous, indicating Blake’s vision of the ideal human form as containing both the male and female genders. This composition promotes free love, asserting the goodness of spiritual love, while also overturning Dante’s tradition that imposes strict moral and sexual codes on society. Blake’s work, like Visions and Circle of the Lustful, deals with subjugation and exploitation as distortions of power and human relations. Blake condemned those who abused and exploited others through the misuse of power. His portrayals of this exploitation prompted Saree Makdisi to promote the reevaluation of his time. A specific example of Blake’s condemnation of the powerful is The Ghost of a Flea, a composition that portrays the profane spirit of this powerful man as a reptile-like creature. The comet indicates a supernatural event and the dramatic, stage-like setting emphasize the evilness of this creature. Although this composition is a specific condemnation of English industrialists, it demonstrates Blake’s view of the powerful that exploit and subject the rest of society. Blake’s mythological vision asserts their impending punishment. Visions condemns the mental and physical bondage promoted by the institutions of slavery and marriage. The poem is not, however, highly effective in promoting any real change. In a similar manner as â€Å"The Little Black Boy†, Visions addresses too many issues to be efficacious in directly promoting the feminism of Mary Wollstonecraft or the abolitionist cause. The poem is also rendered ineffective because the definition of slavery is blurred and turned into a multifarious term that applies any lack of freedom. In fact, the poem seems to deal more with spiritual and mental enslavement than with the political and economic practices of the slave trade and slavery. Blake concerns himself most greatly with the condemnation of the sexual limitations and moral codes of conventional religion. Susan Fox claims that Blake’s feminist agenda in Visions is ineffective because Oothoon lacks real assertiveness. â€Å"No woman in any Blake poem has both the will and the power to initiate her own salvation – not even the strongest and most independent of his women, Oothoon† (Fox, 513). Blake presents gender and sexuality in a similar way as many artists of his time; although he promotes the dignity and worth of women, the representation ultimately affirms feminine inferiority and lack of agency. Visions’ large and far-reaching messages about slavery, power relations, sexuality and religion addresses many issue in a liberal and progressive way, but these multifarious and complex issues render the poem unable to directly confront any one issue to prompting real change. Blake is most successful in directly promoting abolitionism through the illustrations of a ctual events and atrocities of the slave trade, such as A Negro Hung Alive by the Ribs to the Gallows. These etchings are politically subversive in a direct and real sense, because they specifically address the institution of slavery’s violation of human dignity. These images are clear criticisms of the atrocities committed by the slave trade, calling for real political action. These illustrations, however, are very simple artistic constructions that portray one figure’s suffering, asserting their humanity and dignity. Although they are not artistically complex or important, they do serve to directly promote the abolitionist cause during his time. In conclusion, abolitionism is not the main concern of â€Å"The Little Black Boy† or Visions. Slavery is the starting point of the poems, which is used to condemn the abuse of power and conventional religion. The other social ills addressed in the poems, such as gender and racial inequality, are similarly presented as aspects of the larger spiritual program. Although these aspects are highly progressive in promoting human equality, they include the underlying belief of racial and gender inferiority, common throughout the Romantic era. Blake’s overarching concern for his poetry and artistic illustrations is the portrayal of ideal mystical vision of natural, vital and equal human relationships. Makdisi states, â€Å"Blake must be seen to be trying to rescue against all odds the possibility of a political aesthetic of immortal joy, which we can understand as an affirmation of joyous unity and collective freedom. This amounts to a refusal of the very logic of domination, of warrior power over others† (Makdisi, The Impossible History, 258). The spiritual attention distinguishes the theme of slavery in Blake’s poetry from direct and bold abolitionist poetry of the Romantic era, such as the works by Hannah More and Ann Yearsley. â€Å"The Little Black Boy† and Visions are co ncerned with promoting the esoteric mythological vision, not with the instigation of real social change. The mystical investigation of bondage and slavery in these poems offers interesting artistic portrayals of human relationships and spirituality. Bibliography:Erdman, David V. Blakes Vision of Slavery. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 15 (1952): 242-252. JSTOR. 1 Dec. 2007.Fox, Susan. The Female as Metaphor in William Blakes Poetry. Poetic Form in Blakes Milton. Comp. Susan Fox. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1976. 507-519.Lukacher, Brian. Visionary History Painting: Blake and His Contemporaries. Nineteenth Century Art: a Critical History. Ed. Stephan F. Eisenman. London: Thames Hudson Ltd., 2007. 102-119.Makdisi, Saree. William Blake and the Impossible History of the 1790s. Chicago: The University of Chicago P, 2003.Makdisi, Saree. Romantic Imperialism. New York City: Cambridge UP, 1998.Mellor, Anne K. Blakes Human Form Divine. Berkeley: The University of California P, 1974.Townsend, Joyce H. Willaim Blake: the Painter At Work. Ed. Joyce H. Townsend. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2003.www.blakearchive.org

Formal Education And Human Resource Development - 1888 Words

Graduate high school, go to college, get a degree and then go to work as a professional in your field; seems like a plan right? This seems to be the plan for thousands of young men and women every year, but unfortunately nothing is that simple. Formal education is necessary for many different careers today. This education gives graduates a base of knowledge for entry level positions in their career fields. At that point new employees have to figure out how to use the theoretical principles they learned in college in practical applications in their industry. This is not an easy task for many career fields, especially one such as Human Resource Development (HRD). Much of the formal education for HRD is taught in theory; there is no book to†¦show more content†¦In their book Human Resource Development: Theory Practice, David McGuire and Kenneth Jorgensen list 25 different definitions that have been given for the career field by scholars dating back to 1964 (4). Most of these d efinitions equate to the same thing. It is a simple term to define. In a Textbook called Principles of Human Resource Development, Jerry Gilley, Steven Eggland and Ann Gilley define the career field in the simplest of terms. They write, â€Å"human resource development is a dynamic and evolving practice used to enhance organizational effectiveness† (2). This explanation seems generic but they go on to explain that the career field is rapidly changing and evolving, so to better understand the definition we should look at the title itself. Human Resource Development; is only a three word title. We already know what development means, so what is a human resource? Companies have three different types of resources: physical, financial and human. Physical resources refer to things such as buildings and machines. Financial resources refer to the financial assets that the company controls. Human resources simply refer to the humans that work for that company. To overly simplify thing s, HRD personnel help the company develop their human resources so they can be as productive as possible. Just as a mechanic can fine-tune an engine to work at an optimal level of performance, HRD employees can help a company’s human

A Case Study of BHP Billiton-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Occupational safety and health hazards in your chosen Organization. Answer: Introduction With rapid development and advancement of industry, there has been rising concerns in occupational and health hazards. The health risks have no limitation in external space. However, it is present in internal environment, which is known as occupational health hazards. Worker exposure to health hazards is biological, physical, chemical or psychological in nature. Occupational health signifies long term as well as short-term risks related to the workplace environment and in the field of occupational safety and health. On the other hand, development of an organization relies on efficiency of the workforce. Thus, it is important to create safe and healthy work environment for the workers. In the present study, health and occupational hazards in BHP Billiton is evaluated. The study describes organizational context regarding occupational and health hazards and literature review related to risk identification and risks analysis as well as evaluation. Apart from this, recommendations are pro vided in the current study. Organizational context In the present study, BHP Billiton has been considered as a case study organization. BHP Billiton is a mining company where health and safety measures pose an important aspect for the company (Jilcha Kitaw 2017). Hence, the organization set clear requirements in their projects with minimum mandatory controls to mange as well as protect health and wellbeing of the workers in the company. The harmful health risks as well as agents at the workplace of the company consists if exposure to musculoskeletal stressor, noise, dust of coal mine, silica as well as diesel particulate matter. Thus, it is important to manage the exposure with internally occupational health exposure (Albert et al. 2014). In this case, it is important to involve with regulators as well as OEL setting agencies and benchmark against peers along with seeking independent advice. Apart from this, safety for the workers of the company exposes the workers as well as contractors to risk. Thus, the objective of the company is identification of risks and implements control or mitigation techniques (Bice 2014). The project management group of the company has set global safety priorities in order to guide decision-making as well as safety approach for safety. The standard helps to define a number of common safety risks and minimum controls. The operation evaluates further controls for managing risks at operation in order to encounter with objective of no fatalities. Literature review Risk identification: It is important to identify, evaluate as well as manage risks to workers, contractors, environment and communities in the organization. In BHP Billiton, following risks are required to identify as followed. Reinforce the safety comes before the process of productivity Emphasize on in-field verification of material as well as fatal risks Improve internal investigation procedure, widely share and apply lessons and Enable extra quality field time to involve workplace The performance of BHP Billiton in the field of health, safety, environment as well as community is driven through commitment of the people and effective management of risks alon with pursuit of operational excellence. Integration of the health and occupational hazards responsibilities, it is important to develop effective integration of responsibilities as well as objectives that can be articulated by the strategic framework of the company. In working towards achieving zero harm to people, the organization developed the following principle for safety leadership (Boiral Henri 2017). People need to be aware of hazards as well as risks in workplace. Compliance with safety standards along with procedure are not considered as absolute. The principal causes of important incidents remained as consistent over the current years. The organization has set up performance expectations into distinctive aspects of operations. Conduction of exercise has a valuable forum in order to learn and share knowledge across the enterprise (Caldwell et al. 2015). Through operations and products, it can affect health of the employees, communities as well as customers in positive and negative ways. It is important to focus on occupational health initiatives is evaluating and minimizing the level of exposure to hygiene risks in the project site of the company. Hence, improvement in occupational health as well as hygiene programs that will be helpful to manage the process in the organization (Saenz 2018). However, data from operations can indicate that there is one third of employees are potentially exposed in the organization to the noise level that exceeds 85 dBA time-weighted average as well as one-fifth are exposed to the level of occup ational exposure limits. Hence, the actual exposure of the staffs needs to be measured by the organization. Hence, the actual exposure of the workers of BHP Billiton includes exposure limits where measures are required to be taken. It includes engineering and designing for minimizing personal protective equipment. The organization has been maintained that consistent upper quartile will be helpful for process. It has been reported that 1.7% of the employees are affected by occupational illness (Fuisz-Kehrbach 2015). It comprised 1.3% diagnosis with the noise generated hearing loss. In addition, target has been set by minimizing occupational illness. It is also required for development of occupational disease along with the requirement of occupational health hazards. Risk analysis and evaluation There are several health initiatives produced for the workers throughout the organization. Several sites can operate health and wellness programs in order to help workers optimizing the level of personal health. Education is one of the programs through which staffs can optimize level of personal health (Murphy et al. 2016). Strong focus is required to the major academic community. In addition, it is required to manage threat of the diseases in the organization. Responsibilities in relation to the potential health effects of the products on the customers are included in the process (Retzer et al. 2017). During the period, health and safety measured need to be taken by the industry. The external groups as well as organizations recognize the awards through various operations. Substantial progress is made during the ongoing process and implementation of the management standards along with related management systems. The environmental performance is measured by ensuring that the information generated is complete as well as accurate (Baum et al. 2016). On the other hand, due to various classification as well as calculation methodologies are comparable in parameters. Research and development activities for mitigating the risks are focused. BHP Billiton follows accepted accounting principle in order to provide site rehabilitation. The provision for site rehabilitation is processed effectively. The activities as resources of the organization may have impact on natural environment (Stewart Nite 2017). The quality of social performance data enhanced sustainability over sustainability reporting period. Hence, implementation of management standards as well as requirement for community relations management plan is useful to increase awareness of the requirement as well as report data related to the aspect and community. The significant occupation illness within the organization is noise-induced loss in hearing along with occupational respiratory diseases (Sincovich et al. 2018). It is important to focus and minimize exposures where it is possible. Environmental performance across the organization needs to be improved. In addition, it is important to categorize risks in projects. The level of risks is categorized based on the potential harm or adverse health that has effect on hazards. In addition, the exposure needs to be classified as highs single exposure that may cause potential fatal, whereas the risks are related to the process (Gereffi et al. 2016). Control measures including the actions need to minimize potential of the exposures to hazards. Apart from these, the control measures would be secured by guarding and moving parts of the machinery by elimination of potential for contract (Asif Chen 2016). Elimination of hazards is not achieved by removing hazards as well as eliminates the risk of exposure. Substitution of the hazards need to remove the hazards related to the process or activities and may introduce distinctive hazards for overall harm along with health effects. Isolation of hazards need to be achieved by making restriction of access to plant as well as equipments in substances locking. Recommendations Effective controls need to be taken in BHP Billiton in order to mitigate security measures for the organization. The measures will be helpful to avoid injuries, illness as well as incidents and reduce or eliminate safety and health risks. Moreover, it assists the employers providing workers safe as well as healthful working conditions. Apart from these, in order to control and prevent hazards, the employers need to be taken for mitigating security risks. It is required to involve employees having sound knowledge regarding the conditions of creating hazards as well as insights into the process to be controlled. Identification as well as evaluation of controlling hazards using hierarchy of controls in helpful is useful for the organization to mitigate the security issues and hazards in managing their projects. Development of plans with specific measures in order to protect workers during emergency conditions as well as non-routine activities would be beneficial. Evaluating the effectiveness of the existing controls in order to determine they continue providing protection will be helpful for the process. It is required to provide protection and different controls that need to be effective for the organization. Reviewing new technologies for potential and implementing controls need to be processed according to the plan. Development of the plan with measures in order to protect workers during emergences as well as non-routine activities would be useful to mitigate the health and occupational hazards in BHP Billiton. The organization need to collect, organize as well as review information with the employees in order to determine the types of hazards present and workers may be exposed. Information available in the workplace may include the following. Reviewing sources like OSHA standards as well as guidance for industry consensus standards as well as engineering reports in order to identify potential control measures would be useful to identify control options. In addition, it is required to keep current on related information from trade organization needs to be included in the process. It is important to investigate control measures utilized in workplace as well as determine the process, which would be effective at workplace. Getting input from employees required to able for suggesting and evaluating solutions based on knowledge of facility, equipments along with work process is included in the process. However, for complicated hazards, it is required to consult safety as well as health experts consisting of on-site consultation program of OSHA would assist the process. Selection of controls needs to be feasible, effective as well as permanent. Elimination of controls over serious hazards immediately can assist to accomplish the process. Use of interim controls during development and implementation of longer tem solution is included in the plan. It is also required to avoid selecting controls, which can directly control options and need to ensure the controls as feasible as well as effective in its nature. Moreover, development of hazard control plan in BHP Billiton will be helpful for the workers of the organization to mitigate health and occupational hazards in the organization. Conclusion From the above study, it concludes that it is important for an organization to take effective measures and proper planning in terms of managing projects effectively. In addition, it is required to provide opportunities to make interactions in order to enhance safety performance. On the other hand, pre-start meetings and in-field leaders for discussing job-specific safety risks would be helpful for managing safety risks. It is required to undertake activities improving physical and mental well-being of the staffs. It consists of provision of preventative health measures. Adaption of mental health framework is useful for supporting as well as pro-active management of mental wellbeing of the employees. The work of health, safety and environment committee has an important role to monitor implementation process and ensure plans for enhancement are in proper place. Substantial progress will be helpful to mitigate health for occupational hazards in the organization. References Albert, P.J., Werhane, P. Rolph, T., 2014. Introduction. InGlobal Poverty Alleviation: A Case Book(pp. 1-11). Springer, Dordrecht. Asif, Z. Chen, Z., 2016. Environmental management in North American mining sector.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.167-179. Baum, F.E., Sanders, D.M., Fisher, M., Anaf, J., Freudenberg, N., Friel, S., Labont, R., London, L., Monteiro, C., Scott-Samuel, A. Sen, A., 2016. Assessing the health impact of transnational corporations: its importance and a framework.Globalization and health,Vol. 12, No. 1, p.27. Bice, S., 2014. What gives you a social licence? An exploration of the social licence to operate in the Australian mining industry.Resources,Vol. 3, No. 1, pp.62-80. Boiral, O. Henri, J.F., 2017. Is sustainability performance comparable? A study of GRI reports of mining organizations.Business Society,Vol. 56, No. 2, pp.283-317. Caldwell, B. Hinton, J., 2015, March. Data Drilling: Changing the Way the Oil and Gas Industry Manages Safety and Risk. InSPE EP Health, Safety, Security and Environmental Conference-Americas. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Fuisz-Kehrbach, S.K., 2015. A three-dimensional framework to explore corporate sustainability activities in the mining industry: Current status and challenges ahead.Resources Policy,Vol. 12, pp.101-115. Gereffi, G., Bamber, P. Fernandez-Stark, K., 2016. Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean: Key Issues, Good Practices, Lessons Learned and Policy Insights. Jilcha, K. Kitaw, D., 2017. Industrial occupational safety and health innovation for sustainable development.Engineering science and technology, an international journal,Vol. 20, No. 1, pp.372-380. Murphy, F., Sheehan, B., Mullins, M., Bouwmeester, H., Marvin, H.J., Bouzembrak, Y., Costa, A.L., Das, R., Stone, V. Tofail, S.A., 2016. A tractable method for measuring nanomaterial risk using Bayesian networks.Nanoscale research letters,Vol. 11, No. 1, p.503. Retzer, K., Snawder, J., Faist, A., Anson, S., Markovich, E., Hyman, C. Burket, W., 2017, April. Working Together to Prevent Worker Exposures during Gauging and Sampling Activities. InSPE Health, Safety, Security, Environment, Social Responsibility Conference-North America. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Saenz, C., 2018. The Context in Mining Projects Influences the Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy to Earn a Social Licence to Operate: A Case Study in Peru.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. Sincovich, A., Gregory, T., Wilson, A. Brinkman, S., 2018. The social impacts of mining on local communities in Australia.Rural Society, pp.1-17. Stewart, P. Nite, D.K., 2017. From fatalism to mass action to incorporation to neoliberal individualism: worker safety on South African mines, c. 19552016.Review of African Political Economy,Vol. 44, No. 152, pp.252-271.

Medical Research Essay Topics

Medical Research Essay TopicsThere are some medical research essay topics that you will definitely want to use when you write your medical research paper. Using one of these topics will make it easy for the student to write a good essay about a particular topic. Below is a list of the top three essay topics that you will definitely want to use when you are writing your medical research paper.One research topic is on how much of a financial burden does adult obesity place on society. There are many health issues associated with obesity, but obesity is also a huge financial burden on society. Not only are obese people more likely to become obese, but they also are more likely to have more health problems. This means that even if you are obese and not at risk for heart disease, diabetes, or any other health problem, you may still be at a high risk for developing these problems as you get older.Another research topic that you can use is on cancer research. This is important for two reaso ns. One, because cancer research is so expensive, it costs a lot of money to keep the health care system running and keep people alive, and secondly, because millions of people suffer from cancer every year, if there were fewer cancer deaths, it would mean that the economy would be healthier.Another research essay topic that you will want to use is on the cost of medical tests and treatments. This essay topic should be about the variety of things that doctors and hospitals charge for their services. You will also want to mention things like the over-diagnosis and under-diagnosis of certain diseases and illnesses. All of these things are expensive.There are many essay topics that you can use when you are writing a medical research paper. These can be used when you are writing a medical research essay about a particular topic.Medical research paper can talk about how the company that manufactures the drug or device makes a lot of money, but the cost of treating patients is too high. A nother paper that talks about this can be written by a parent who is suffering from a deadly disease that was either neglected or misdiagnosed. There are many other essay topics that are written by a parent who is suffering with a deadly disease. These are the types of papers that you will want to use when you are writing your medical research paper.The research paper that you use in college will be used to help you get into medical school, but your paper should not be the only thing you use to help get into a medical school. In order to get into medical school, you will need to write a dissertation that is based upon the research papers that you write in college. This means that you must keep all of your medical research paper topics up to date. Your doctor will also want to see that you have updated your medical research paper topics so that they will know that you have not forgotten them.In order to get a good grade on your medical research paper, you need to do this. If you leav e the research paper topics from college out of your research paper, it could be detrimental to your chances of getting a high grade.